On Global Justice (ebook)

Argumento de On Global Justice (ebook)

Debates about global justice have traditionally fallen into two camps. Statists believe that principles of justice can only be held among those who share a state. Those who fall outside this realm are merely owed charity. Cosmopolitans, on the other hand, believe that justice applies equally among all human beings. On Global Justice shifts the terms of this debate and shows how both views are unsatisfactory. Stressing humanity's collective ownership of the earth, Mathias Risse offers a new theory of global distributive justice--what he calls pluralist internationalism--where in different contexts, different principles of justice apply.

Arguing that statists and cosmopolitans seek overarching answers to problems that vary too widely for one single justice relationship, Risse explores who should have how much of what we all need and care about, ranging from income and rights to spaces and resources of the earth. He acknowledges that especially demanding redistributive principles apply among those who share a country, but those who share a country also have obligations of justice to those who do not because of a universal humanity, common political and economic orders, and a linked global trading system. Risse's inquiries about ownership of the earth give insights into immigration, obligations to future generations, and obligations arising from climate change. He considers issues such as fairness in trade, responsibilities of the WTO, intellectual property rights, labor rights, whether there ought to be states at all, and global inequality, and he develops a new foundational theory of human rights.

"This book . . . displays a scholarly rigor and philosophical depth that renders much of the existing literature in this area obsolete. . . . I have no doubt that this book will come to play a central role in normative theorizing about global justice for some time to come."--Daniel Savery, Political Studies Review

One of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2013

"[A] deeply provocative, closely argued, and impressively many-sided book."--Richard Vernon, Perspectives on Politics

"Risse's new book is ambitious in scope and diverse in intellectual resources. In his explorations of the leading questions of international justice, he is admirably sensitive to the wide range of grounds--including common humanity and natural, social, and political relationships--that ought to shape the answers. His account of common ownership of the earth diversifies our historical resources as well, by putting Grotius's work to use in addressing deep, current controversies."--Richard Miller, Cornell University

"This book takes the global justice debate to the next level and sets a new standard for philosophical depth, practical relevance, and sweep of vision. Unrivaled in its scope, sophistication, and scholarship, this tremendous achievement marks a turning point in political theory."--Leif Wenar, King's College London

"This broad, comprehensive, and challenging book on global justice combines a critical survey of the recent literature with a new and provocative view that the author calls pluralist internationalism. There is no other recent work on global justice of comparable philosophical ambition or scholarly breadth."--Charles Beitz, Princeton University

"The book . . . addresses questions of great importance and offers an original and challenging perspective on how to approach them."--Adam Hosein, Political Science Quarterly

"This is an important book. International economic lawyers sensitive to moral and political philosophy should not ignore it. Each of its chapters contains many significant insights. . . . Risse has made a significant contribution."--John Linarelli, Journal of International Economic Law0Preface ix

Acknowledgments xiii

Part 1: Shared Citizenship and Common Humanity

• Chapter 1: The Grounds of Justice 1
  
• Chapter 2: "Un Pouvoir Ordinaire": Shared Membership in a State as a Ground of Justice 23
  
• Chapter 3: Internationalism versus Statism and Globalism: Contemporary Debates 41
  
• Chapter 4: What Follows from Our Common Humanity? The
  Institutional Stance, Human Rights, and Nonrelationism 63

Part 2: Common Ownership of the Earth

• Chapter 5: Hugo Grotius Revisited: Collective Ownership of
  the Earth and Global Public Reason 89
  
• Chapter 6: "Our Sole Habitation": A Contemporary Approach to Collective Ownership of the Earth 108
  
• Chapter 7: Toward a Contingent Derivation of Human Rights 130
  
• Chapter 8: Proportionate Use: Immigration and Original Ownership of the Earth 152
  
• Chapter 9: "But the Earth Abideth For Ever": Obligations to Future Generations 167
  
• Chapter 10: Climate Change and Ownership of the Atmosphere 187

Part 3: International Political and Economic Structures

• Chapter 11: Human Rights as Membership Rights in the Global Order 209
  
• Chapter 12: Arguing for Human Rights: Essential Pharmaceuticals 232
  
• Chapter 13: Arguing for Human Rights: Labor Rights as Human Rights 245
  
• Chapter 14: Justice and Trade 261

Part 4: Global Justice and Institutions

• Chapter 15: The Way We Live Now 281
  
• Chapter 16: "Imagine There's No Countries": A Reply to John Lennon 304
  
• Chapter 17: Justice and Accountability: The State 325
  
• Chapter 18: Justice and Accountability: The World Trade Organization 346

Notes 361
Bibliography 415
Index 453