"Bien is fair and balanced, and he avoids black-and-white simplifications. In a masterly manner, he sorts out the good from the bad, sensing what Kazantzakis was trying to achieve and seeing where he went wrong and where he got it right. Bien brilliantly shows how Kazantzakis progressed from his concern with politics, sensuality and ethics to a love of art."--Peter Mackridge, Journal of Hellenic Studies
"Bien's book is at once a comprehensive intellectual biography of its subject, and the definitive synthesis of many years of scholarship. With the first volume, it offers the fullest study of Kazantzakis's prodigious oeuvre ever published in any language. It admirably bridges the gap between readers worldwide who approach Kazantzakis's work through translation and specialists with access to the originals, and to the huge bibliography of minor and secondary material available only in Greek. It establishes the standard in Kazantzakis scholarship and will be an essential point of reference for all future studies of him."--Roderick Beaton, King's College London, author of George Seferis: Waiting for the Angel, A Biography
"This is a magisterial work, without equal in English or Greek, and promises to be the single most significant book on Kazantzakis for a generation, or more."--Richard P. Martin, Stanford University
"The sequel to Bien's very successful Kazantzakis: Politics of the Spirit consolidates our impressions of the first volume, creates an elaborate, almost complete picture of the Cretan author, and spreads the interest in Kazantzakis to a far greater audience."--Lena Arampatzidou, Hellenic Review
"Although others have tried to account for Kanzantzakis's life and literary art, no other book so comprehensively and insightfully captures it like Politics of the Spirit. Readers will marvel at Bien's tirelessly attentive approach to historical detail and acclaim his adroit description of Kazantzakis's ironic soul. A sympathetic though not uncritical account of a flawed genius, this book is a towering achievement. Every reader of modern literature can learn from it."--Darren J. N. Middleton, Modernimsm/modernity
Acknowledgments xvii
Technical Notes xix
CHAPTER ONE: KAZANTZAKIS'S ATTRACTION TO FASCISM AND NAZISM IN THE 1930s 1
CHAPTER TWO: TRAVEL WRITING 16
CHAPTER THREE: SPAIN 22
CHAPTER FOUR: JOURNEY TO THE MOREA 33
CHAPTER FIVE: GREEK POLITICS, 1922-1936; METAXAS 43
CHAPTER SIX: WRITINGS CA. 1935-1939: JARDIN DES ROCHERS 60
CHAPTER SEVEN: WRITINGS CA. 1935-1939: OTHELLO RETURNS 81
CHAPTER EIGHT: WRITINGS CA. 1935-1939: MELISSA 86
CHAPTER NINE: WRITINGS CA. 1935-1939: JULIAN THE APOSTATE 100
CHAPTER TEN: PERIOD 1940-1944: THE ALBANIAN CAMPAIGN AND AXIS OCCUPATION 111
CHAPTER ELEVEN: BUDDHA 134
CHAPTER TWELVE: ALEXIS ZORBAS: A PHILOSOPHICAL INTERPRETATION 144
CHAPTER THIRTEEN: ALEXIS ZORBAS: A POLITICAL INTERPRETATION 157
CHAPTER FOURTEEN: PROMETHEUS TRILOGY AND GREEKNESS 165
CHAPTER FIFTEEN: KAPODISTRIAS 197
CHAPTER SIXTEEN: CONSTANTINE PALAIOLOGOS 224
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN: ATHENS, OCTOBER 1944-JUNE 1946 237
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN: LONDON AND PARIS, 2 JUNE 1946-2 JUNE 1948 273
CHAPTER NINETEEN: SODOM AND GOMORRAH 279
CHAPTER TWENTY: THE POLITICAL COMPREHENSIVENESS OF CHRIST RECRUCIFIED 292
CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE: THE FRATRICIDES 328
CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO: KOUROS 356
CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE: CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS: KAZANTZAKIS'S FINAL PLAY 363
CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR: O KAPETAN MIHALIS: AN EPIC MANQUÉ 372
CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE: KAZANTZAKIS'S LONG APPRENTICESHIP TO CHRISTIAN THEMES 394
CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX: THE LAST TEMPTATION AS A RELIGIOUS NOVEL 428
CHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN: IS THE LAST TEMPTATION A RELIGIOUS NOVEL OR A POLITICAL NOVEL? 442
CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT: KAZANTZAKIS'S META-CHRISTIAN SAINT FRANCIS AS A MODEL OF SOUL-FORCE CREATING HIS OWN FATE 453
CHAPTER TWENTY-NINE: REPORT TO GRECO 524
APPENDIX. KAZANTZAKIS AND WOMEN 547
Notes 551
Bibliography 583
Index 603