Physiology is a comprehensive presentation of core physiologic concepts with a focus on mechanisms. Renowned physiology instructor Linda S. Costanzo covers important concepts in the field, both at the organ system and cellular levels. Easy to read and user-friendly, the revised fourth edition stresses essential and relevant content with absolute clarity and includes concise step-by-step explanations complemented by numerous tables and abundant illustrations. It provides information on the underlying principles of cellular physiology, the autonomic nervous system, and neurophysiology, as well as the cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, acid-base, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and reproductive organ systems. This book is ideal as both a textbook and as a review guide for the boards.
2 Autonomic Nervous System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3 Neurophysiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
4 Cardiovascular Physiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
5 Respiratory Physiology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
6 Renal Physiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
7 Acid-Base Physiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
8 Gastrointestinal Physiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
9 Endocrine Physiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
10 Reproductive Physiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447
Appendix I Common Abbreviations and Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469
Appendix II Normal Values and Constants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .471
Challenge Yourself Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .477