Hamas and Civil Society In Gaza (ebook)

Argumento de Hamas and Civil Society In Gaza (ebook)

Many in the United States and Israel believe that Hamas is nothing but a terrorist organization, and that its social sector serves merely to recruit new supporters for its violent agenda. Based on Sara Roy's extensive fieldwork in the Gaza Strip and West Bank during the critical period of the Oslo peace process, Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza shows how the social service activities sponsored by the Islamist group emphasized not political violence but rather community development and civic restoration.

Roy demonstrates how Islamic social institutions in Gaza and the West Bank advocated a moderate approach to change that valued order and stability, not disorder and instability; were less dogmatically Islamic than is often assumed; and served people who had a range of political outlooks and no history of acting collectively in support of radical Islam. These institutions attempted to create civic communities, not religious congregations. They reflected a deep commitment to stimulate a social, cultural, and moral renewal of the Muslim community, one couched not only--or even primarily--in religious terms.

Vividly illustrating Hamas's unrecognized potential for moderation, accommodation, and change, Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza also traces critical developments in Hamas's social and political sectors through the Second Intifada to today, and offers an assessment of the current, more adverse situation in the occupied territories. The Oslo period held great promise that has since been squandered. This book argues for more enlightened policies by the United States and Israel, ones that reflect Hamas's proven record of nonviolent community building.

In a new afterword, Roy discusses how Hamas has been affected by changing regional dynamics and by recent economic and political events in Gaza, including failed attempts at reconciliation with Fatah.

"Roy's work provides an interesting and emphatic description of the sociopolitical life in Gaza, while offering much-needed insight into the development and functioning of the Islamist social sector in the strip. . . . [T]his well-written book is worth reading."--Benedetta Berti, Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs

"This is the most perceptive analysis available not only of the evolution of the social institutions of Hamas, but also of the extraordinary pressures brought to bear on Palestinian society under occupation. Roy's book is leavened by her profound empathy for the lives of ordinary people, and it is suffused by a moral clarity that is rare in works of this level of acuity and scholarly rigor. No one seriously interested in Palestine or Israel can afford to ignore this powerful book."--Rashid Khalidi, author of The Iron Cage: The Story of the Palestinian Struggle for Statehood

"This book is based on extensive research on a topic much talked about, but not seriously studied in the Palestinian context. Roy decisively debunks the conventional wisdom about Hamas, its ideological intransigence, and the way its social institutions are--or as Roy argues, largely are not--linked to its political and military structures. I was deeply moved by the book."--Joel Beinin, author of Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East

"This is a terrific addition to our knowledge about Hamas. Roy succeeds in understanding its social activities from the inside out, through the eyes of the people who live them every day. She offers an accurate portrayal of a real, complex, complicated, and evolving organization and movement. Roy knows Gaza probably better than any other American academic."--Glenn E. Robinson, author of Building a Palestinian State: The Incomplete Revolution

"Roy combines scholarly rigor and moral clarity to examine and challenge 'the conventional frame that defines Hamas only as a terrorist organization'. . . . Defining Zionism as a racist settler-colonial ideology, and the Israeli state as a supremacist ethnic Jewish state, is not about sloganeering, and for that purpose the book is an essential contribution."--Nubar Hovsepian, Journal of Palestine Studies

Winner of the 2012 Academic Palestine Book Award, Middle East Monitor
Winner of the 2012 British-Kuwait Friendship Society Book Prize in Middle Eastern Studies
One of Choice's Top 25 Titles for 2012

"Sara Roy's studies of Gaza have come to be recognized internationally as unequalled resources that, in the context of the United States, are essential antidotes to indifference as well as ignorance. They have contributed to our understanding of the history and political evolution of a region that continues to be marginalized in the abortive discussion of the broader Arab-Israeli conflict of which it is an integral part."--Irene Gendzier, Middle East Policy

"Meticulously researched, Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza is a significant study of Hamas and Gaza's social institutions."--Ramona Wadi, Middle East Monitor

"Sara Roy has chosen to write about Hamas from the wholly original perspective of the organization's relations with civil society in Gaza. What she has found is a profound challenge to the very basis of US and European policy towards political Islam in Palestine and will be warmly welcomed by the many officials and scholars who have tried in vain to deflect the juggernaut of western policy, which has driven the region into the militarised cul de sac that is Israel today. . . . This is an academic's book, not a journalist's, and reflects the weight of the twenty-five years Roy has devoted to research on the Occupied Palestine Territories."--Victoria Brittain, Race & Class

"A focused study of how the Islamist organization turned itself into the most powerful political entity in the southern Palestinian territory, Roy's portrait of Hamas is every bit the multifaceted portrait it ought to be. Emphasizing the organization's civic activities, Hamas comes off sounding far more secular than it is generally portrayed in the media, characterized, as it often is, as an Iranian-style agent of religious coercion. If you want to understand why its base of support became so broad, Roy has the answer."--Joel Schalit, Forward

"Ms. Roy strives not to speak for Palestinians, but to let their voices reverberate. . . . [Hamas and Civil Society is] rigorous and precise. . . . [T]his is an important book, which challenges lazy views about the Palestinians and highlights how they go about securing basic services."--Economist

"Sara Roy's detailed study is ingrained within history, culture and the ubiquitous illegality of the Israeli occupation. . . . By not resorting to the prejudice of external observers involved in promoting an imperialist agenda, Roy empowers Palestinians in their role of protagonists in her treatise, participants in a framework which continues to strengthen a constantly evolving identity."--Ramona Wadi, Middle East Monitor

"Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza remains an indispensable guide to understanding how Islamic social institutions actually operated in Palestinian society at a particular point in time. Sara Roy has persuasively demonstrated how we might engage the Islamist social sector and in so doing reverse the policies that have so disastrously undermined any serious attempt to achieve a just and lasting peace between Palestinians and Israelis."--Loren D. Lybarger, European Legacy

"Resolutely unbiased, Roy sets the tone of the book from the very beginning. She has always made it a priority to live among Palestinians and even 'walk in their shoes.' This empathy, present throughout the book, helps the author go beyond the usual stereotypes and falsities so often portrayed in the foreign press. . . . Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza shows the Palestinian Islamist movement in a new light. The author analyzes a complex subject with a sound judgment and a remarkable, unbiased approach. By recognizing Hamas' potential for moderation, adaptation and change, Roy uncovers the wall of lies and deceit built around the Islamist movement as well as the need for just, non-discriminatory and fair-minded policies."--Arab News0Acknowledgments xi
A Note on Language and Transliteration xiii
Prologue xv
Chapter 1 Introduction: Structure, Arguments, and Conceptual Framework 1
Chapter 2 A Brief History of Hamas and the Islamic Movement in Palestine 19
Chapter 3 Islamist Conceptions of Civil Society 51
Chapter 4 The Evolution of Islamist Social Institutions in the Gaza Strip: Before and during Oslo (a Sociopolitical History) 70
Chapter 5 Islamist Social Institutions: Creating a Descriptive Context 97
Chapter 6 Islamist Social Institutions: Key Analytical Findings 161
Chapter 7 A Changing Islamist Order? From Civic Empowerment to Civic Regression--the Second Intifada and Beyond 191
Postscript The Devastation of Gaza--Some Additional Reflections on Where We Are Now 226
Appendix Islamist (and Non-Islamist) Social Institutions 237
Afterword to the Paperback Edition 239
Epilogue 261
Notes 271
Selected Bibliography 331
Index 351