Garden Insects of North America (ebook)

Argumento de Garden Insects of North America (ebook)

"Garden Insects is destined to become the new bible for horticulturalists and home gardeners alike. I've added it to the few books I keep close at hand while I am in the garden. Luckily, Garden Insects is also an exceptionally well-made paperback with water-resistant cover and 656 pages that fall open without cracking the spine and stay open without having to balance a rock on top. At $29.95, it's a bargain."--Patricia Jonas, Plants and Garden News

"Garden Insects of North America is a tremendous contribution and is destined to be a staple on any gardener's bookshelf. Readers will find it overflowing with color pictures and informative yet easy-to- read descriptions. If this isn't the one book you must have, it comes pretty close!"--Casey Sclar, Integrated Pest Management Coordinator, Longwood Gardens

"Whitney Cranshaw's Garden Insects of North America is the most comprehensive book on insect and mite pests of vegetable, fruit, and ornamental plants now in print. Working from experience and the scientific literature, Dr. Cranshaw delivers information on a huge variety of pests in an entirely engaging manner."--James R. Baker, Professor Emeritus, North Carolina State University

"Whitney Cranshaw is probably the only entomologist who could pull off such a large undertaking! His clear, concise writing style, his completeness, and his attention to proper illustration will put this book ahead of any other in the field."--David Shetlar, Ohio State University

"A quick diagnostic tool for identifying pest insects by host plant, Garden Insects of North America will appeal to a wide audience, including home gardeners, master gardeners, entomologists in diagnostic clinics, and students."--Jody Fetzer, University of Minnesota Landscape Arboretum

"An exceptionally well organized and complete text on garden insects. . . . Almost every insect is illustrated, with well over 1,000 full-color photographs showing them in various life cycle stages. Its very simple but complete explanations, diagrams and photographs make this the best reference I have read for diagnosing virtually all insect problems. It will make you the neighborhood entomologist."--Joel M. Lerner, The Washington Post

"Cranshaw has produced a wonderful guide whether the reader is interested in understanding, managing, or just observing theses insects. Identification is the very first step in the process of opening the door of appreciation, and this book is the key."--Biology Digest

"An impressive garden reference that doubles as a field guide. Wherever you live in North America, your insects are included her. . . . The more than 1,400 color pictures of insects and their damage are truly impressive and will be invaluable in helping readers track down the culprits of their plant injury. . . . This wonderful reference will certainly become a classic. . . . Whether you are a professional or a home gardening enthusiast, this is an indispensable reference."--Jeffrey Hahn, The American Gardener

"Know thine enemy,' a time-worn caveat lifted from Sun-tzu's treatise, The Art of War, is sage advice for the organic gardener hoping to emerge victorious in the battle of the bugs. Acquiring such knowledge has just become easier with the release of Garden Insects of North America. . . . [Cranshaw] has packed his book with concise, organized information on all the common and not-so-common insect pests of turf, orchards and gardens in North America. The overwhelming emphasis is on recognizing and categorizing the insects themselves, using appearance, type of destructive damage encountered and target food hosts as clues. . . . With detailed, high-quality photographic plates conveniently adjacent to the standardized insect descriptions, identification of suspected insect enemies is straightforward."--Jack Aldridge, San Francisco Chronicle

"An impressive, encyclopedic guide to identifying everything from acorn weevils to zebra caterpillars. Understanding the way gardeners think, Cranshaw has logically organized the information according to the type of damage inflicted. . . . Methods of controlling insect populations, in-depth discussions of beneficial insects, a comprehensive at-a-glance appendix of common plant-insect associations, and more than 1,400 color photos make this a marvel among insect identification manuals."--Booklist

"If you've ever wondered what's eating your garden besides yourself and the woodchuck, this is the book for you. I know that sometime this summer I will carry a bug of some sort into the house to identify it in this volume. And I know that I'll lose at least an hour looking at photographs of all the other bugs that might lie hidden in the herbage."--Verlyn Klinkenborg, New York Times Book Review

"Insects are the most diverse and widely distributed life-forms on the planet. Gardens, and the diverse gardeners that tend them, are similarly widely distributed. Succinctly capturing this diversity, Cranshaw has constructed a lucid and well-illustrated text to allow gardeners to identify insects they encounter. . . . Breadth of synthesis, high quality, and effective formatting justify this work as a valuable addition to the popular literature."--Choice

"A must-have reference for any gardener."--San Francisco Chronicle

"[Cranshaw is] an entomologist with perhaps a skewed affection for all kinds of bugs, but no one will argue with his desire to demystify insects and their world so that people understand better whether and how to react to a problem, and to enjoy this Lilliputian drama."--Adrian Higgins, The Washington Post0PREFACE xi
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xiii
PHOTOGRAPHIC CREDITS xv

CHAPTER ONE: Introduction to Garden Insects and Their Relatives 1

Metamorphosis 2
Hexapod Orders 4
Identification of Immature Stages of Arthropods 6
Excreted and Secreted Products Useful in Diagnosing Garden Arthropods and Slugs 12
Body Parts Useful in Diagnosing Garden Arthropods 14
Fruit and Foliage Injuries Produced by Arthropods and Slugs 16
Plant Pathogens Transmitted by Arthropods 24

CHAPTER TWO: Management Principles for Some Garden Pests 26

Leaf Chewers and Leafminers 26
Flower, Fruit, and Seed Feeders 31
Sap Suckers 35
Gall Makers 41
Stem, Twig, Branch, and Trunk Damagers 41
Root, Tuber, and Bulb Feeders 43
Miscellaneous Garden Insects 45

CHAPTER THREE: Leaf Chewers 48

Slugs and Snails 48
Grasshoppers 52
Crickets and Katydids 56
Walkingsticks 60
Earwigs 62
Ants 64
Leafcutter Bees 70
Conifer Sawflies 72
Common Sawflies 76
Slug Sawflies 82
Other Sawflies 84
Webworms 86
Sod Webworms 92
Diamondback Moth 94
Leafrollers 96
Spruce Budworms 104
Skippers 106
Webspinning Sawflies 108
Skeletonizers 110
Tent Caterpillars 112
Gypsy Moth 116
Fall Webworm 118
Tussock Moths and Tiger Moths 120
Woollybears 126
Cankerworms, Spanworms, and Inchworms 128
Cutworms and Armyworms 134
Loopers 144
Hornworms/Sphinx Moths 146
Prominent Moths 150
Giant Silkworms/Royal Moths 154
Slug Caterpillars/Flannel Moths 158
Bagworms 160
Casebearers 162
Whites and Sulfurs 166
Swallowtails 168
Brushfooted Butterflies 172
Blister Beetles 176
Leaf Beetles 178
Flea Beetles 198
Mexican Bean Beetle 202

CHAPTER FOUR: Leafminers 204

Leafmining Flies 204
Leafmining Sawflies 210
Leafmining Moths 212
Leafmining Beetles 220

CHAPTER FIVE: Flower, Fruit, and Seed Feeders 222

Flower Thrips 222
True Bugs That Feed on Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds 224
Stink Bugs 228
Other Seed-Feeding Bugs 230
Fruit Flies 234
Yellowjackets and Hornets 242
Caterpillars That Damage Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds 246
Fruit-Infesting Sawflies 266
Fruit- and Flower-Infesting Beetles 268
Sap Beetles and Other Fruit-Damaging Beetles 272
Fruit, Flower, and Seed Weevils 276

CHAPTER SIX: Sap Suckers 284

Whiteflies 284
Psyllids 290
Aphids 296
"Woolly" Aphids 310
Adelgids 314
Mealybugs 316
Eriococcids, or Feltlike Scales 324
Cochineal Scales 326
Soft Scales 328
Margarodid Scales 340
Kermes, Pit, and Falsepit Scales 342
Armored Scales 344
Leafhoppers 356
Treehoppers 366
Spittlebugs 368
Squash Bug 372
Plant Bugs 374
Chinch Bugs 378
Stink Bugs 382
Lace Bugs 384
Thrips 386
Spider Mites 392
Tarsonemid Mites 402
False Spider Mites 404
Rust Mites 404

CHAPTER SEVEN: Gall Makers 408

Aphid Galls 408
Adelgid Galls 410
Phylloxeran Galls 412
Psyllid Galls 414
Gall-Making Flies 418
Gall Wasps 424
Eriophyid Mite Galls 430

CHAPTER EIGHT: Stem and Twig Damagers 434

Cicadas 434
Pine Tip Moths 438
Other Conifer-Tip-Boring Moths 440
Stem-Boring Moths of Deciduous Trees and Shrubs 442
Stem-Boring Sawflies 446
Pith-Nesting Bees and Wasps 448
Weevil Borers of Terminal Growth 450
Twig-Feeding Beetles 452
Twig-Boring Flies 458

CHAPTER NINE: Trunk and Branch Borers 460

Horntails 460
Clearwing Borers 462
Carpenterworms 468
Pyralid Borers 470
Noctuid Borers 472
Metallic Wood Borers/Flatheaded Borers 474
Longhorned Beetles/Roundheaded Borers 480
Weevil Borers 488
Bark Beetles 490

CHAPTER TEN: Root, Tuber, and Bulb Feeders 500

Pillbug and Sowbugs 500
Millipedes 502
Symphylans 502
Springtails 504
Root Aphids and Other Sucking Insects 506
Bulb Mites 508
Termites 510
Mole Crickets 512
Root Maggots and Bulb Flies 514
White Grubs 524
Root Weevils 532
Billbugs 540
Wireworms 542

CHAPTER ELEVEN: Beneficial Garden Arthropods 544

Predators 544
Parasites 564
Pathogens 568
Pollinators 572

APPENDIX OF HOST PLANT GENERA AND ASSOCIATED INSECTS AND MITES 577
GLOSSARY 629
SELECTED REFERENCES 637
INDEX 639